Volume 34 Number 4 (2025)

Eyes Are the Window of the Brain: Neuro-Ophthalmic Correlations

Sarkar S1 , Hamid R2 , Sarkar S3 , Ahmed MT4

Mymensingh Med J 2025 Oct; 34 (4): 1297-1302

PMID: 41024573

Abstract

The phrase “eyes are the window of the brain” reflects the intricate neuroanatomical and physiological connection between ocular structures and central nervous system (CNS) function. This review explores the vital role of the eyes in detecting neurological disorders, with emphasis on the optic nerve, retina, extraocular muscles and pupillary reflexes. Advances in neuro-ophthalmology have enhanced early detection of brain tumors, hydrocephalus, demyelinating diseases and raised intracranial pressure through ocular findings. This article synthesizes anatomical, clinical and imaging insights to underline the significance of ophthalmic evaluation in neurology and neurosurgery.

Keywords: Neuro-ophthalmology, Optic nerve, Papilledema, Intracranial pressure, Cranial nerves, Visual field defects, Fundoscopy, Brain-eye connection


  1. Professor

    Department of Neurosurgery, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh & Visiting Consultant Neurosurgeon, BGB Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Volume 34, Number 4 (2025)
Page: 1297-1302